Vatican City, officially Vatican City State, or simply the Vatican, is a landlocked Sovereign State, included within the city of Rome, in Italy, but whose political, administrative, legislative, etc., characteristics are different from those of the territory where it is located. It is the smallest Sovereign State in the world in terms of size and population, and one of the six European microstates.

In the middle of the 20th century, during the early stages of the Cold War, the tension between the Western bloc, led by the United States, and the Eastern bloc, led by the Soviet Union (USSR), triggered a series of conflicts on all continents, one of the most important being the outbreak of the Cuban Revolution (1953-1959), which ended with the victory of the communist revolutionaries, the US trade embargo on the country and the consequent rapprochement of the new Cuban government to the postulates of the USSR.

Globalization has allowed a world with a multitude of connections, of all kinds. Among them, the international relations between countries and institutions stand out. The ease of developing and maintaining these relationships in a globalized world has led to a wide growth of them. This has in turn generated an increase in the number of travels made by representatives of governments and institutions in the exercise of their duties, within the framework of a new tourism niche: the GITT (Governmental and Institutional Travel and Tourism) sector, which implies a series of peculiarities that differentiate it from any other sector.